How do animals know another animal is their same species?

Since scientists said animals do not have a sense of themselves, therefore they will not know they are pandas or dogs or cats, for example. But we often see animals fighting or playing with their own species, then they must know what they look like. Anyone can explain why?

How do animals know another animal is their same species?antivirus

Species recognition cues are indeed an important part of the social interactions of many animals. The level of recognition and possibly even 'self-awareness' varies from animal species to animal species.

Some animals have distinctive plumage or colouration whose purpose is primarily just for that purpose; so that conspecifics can recognize that another individual is indeed a member of the same species.

Sometimes, species recognition gets screwed up during the animal's development, such as with birds that imprint on a human or other animal instead of their mother, and fail to recognize their own species when it comes time for mating.

In some species, who are mostly solitary and don't have much to do with each other, the only time they need species recognition is during the mating period. Many spiders have elaborate courtship rituals and dances that are solely used to trigger the mating response in the female. If the male performs any part of the ritual wrong (or sometimes, even if he happens to perform it when the female is not ready) then the female fails to recognize the male as one of her species, and she will often eat him.